Absence Seizures in Children

Overview

Absence seizures, also known as petit mal seizures, are a type of epilepsy that affects children and adolescents. During an absence seizure, a child may suddenly stop what they’re doing, stare blankly, and lose awareness of their surroundings. These seizures are usually brief, lasting only a few seconds, but can be frequent and disrupt daily life.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of absence seizures include:

  • Sudden, brief loss of consciousness or awareness
  • Staring or blank expression
  • No response to surroundings or stimuli
  • Slight twitching or jerking of muscles
  • No memory of the seizure after it’s over
  • May occur multiple times a day

Causes

Absence seizures are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. The exact cause is often unknown, but may be related to:

  • Genetics: Family history of epilepsy or absence seizure
  • Brain development: Abnormalities in brain structure or function
  • Infections: Certain infections, such as meningitis or encephalitis
  • Head trauma: Injury to the brain

Diagnosis

Diagnosing absence seizures can be challenging, as they may be mistaken for daydreaming or inattention. A diagnosis is typically made by a pediatric neurologist or epileptologist, who will:

  • Review the child’s medical history and perform a physical exam
  • Conduct an electroencephalogram (EEG) to measure brain activity
  • Observe the child’s behavior and seizures (if possible)
  • Rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms

Treatment Options

Treatment for absence seizures usually involves medication to control seizures and prevent recurrence. Our hospital offers:

  • A range of anti-seizure medications, including valproate and ethosuximide
  • Close monitoring of medication effectiveness and side effects
  • Regular follow-up appointments with our pediatric neurology team
  • Lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding triggers and maintaining a regular sleep schedule

Patient Success Stories

At Gertrude’s Children’s Hospital, we are committed to providing the best possible care for children with Absence Seizures. Here’s why families trust us:

“Our daughter was experiencing frequent absence seizures, and we were worried about her safety and well-being. The team at Gertrude's Children's Hospital worked with us to develop a treatment plan that has greatly reduced her seizures and improved her quality of life.”

Rachelparent of a child with absence seizures

Absence Seizures in Children

Absence seizures are brief, non-convulsive seizures that cause a loss of awareness, while tonic-clonic seizures are longer, convulsive seizures that cause muscle stiffness and jerking.

While there is no cure for absence seizures, medication and lifestyle modifications can help control seizures and prevent recurrence.

Encourage your child to take their medication as prescribed, maintain a regular sleep schedule, and avoid triggers such as stress and fatigue.

Contact Us

If you suspect that your child may be experiencing absence seizures, we encourage you to schedule an appointment with our pediatric neurology team. Our experts are here to support you and your child every step of the way.

Contact us today to learn more about our Absence Seizures in Children treatment options.

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