Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections

Overview

Aortic aneurysms and dissections are serious conditions that affect the aorta, the largest blood vessel in the body. An aneurysm is a bulge or weakness in the wall of the aorta, while a dissection is a tear in the inner layer of the aorta that allows blood to flow between the layers.

Types of Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections

  • Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA): An aneurysm that occurs in the part of the aorta that runs through the chest.
  • Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): An aneurysm that occurs in the part of the aorta that runs through the abdomen.
  • Aortic Dissection: A tear in the inner layer of the aorta that can occur anywhere along the aorta.

Symptoms

Symptoms of aortic aneurysms and dissections can vary, but may include:

  • Severe, sudden pain in the chest, back, or abdomen
  • Shortness of breath
  • Dizziness or fainting
  • Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body
  • Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
  • Loss of consciousness

Causes

Aortic aneurysms and dissections can be caused by:

  • High blood pressure
  • Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries)
  • Genetic conditions (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome)
  • Injury or trauma to the chest or abdomen
  • Inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis)

Diagnosis

To diagnose aortic aneurysms and dissections, our medical team may use the following tests:

  • Physical exam and medical history: Checking your symptoms and learning about your health background.
  • Computed tomography angiogram (CTA): A detailed scan that shows the blood vessels and helps spot any problems.
  • Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA): A scan that uses magnets to create clear images of the blood vessels.
  • Echocardiogram: An ultrasound that shows how your heart and aorta are working.
  • Aortogram: An X-ray that looks at the aorta after a dye is injected to see any blockages or tears.

Treatment Options

When it comes to treating aortic aneurysms and dissections, the approach depends on how big the problem is, where it’s located, and how serious it is. At Gertrude’s Children’s Hospital, we offer several advanced options to fix these issues:

Open Aortic Aneurysm Repair

This is a surgery where the damaged part of the aorta is removed and replaced with a strong synthetic tube (like a patch). Our expert surgeons do this for both the chest and abdomen areas, depending on where the aneurysm is.

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR)

This is a less invasive option. Instead of open surgery, a small cut is made in the groin, and a special tube (called a stent) is placed inside the aorta to support it. EVAR is usually used for aneurysms in the abdomen but can sometimes help with those in the chest too.

Hybrid Aortic Repair

For more complicated cases, we use a mix of open surgery and the stent method. Our team is skilled in combining these approaches to fix tricky aneurysms in both the chest and abdomen.

Aortic Dissection Repair

When the aorta tears, it’s a serious emergency. Surgeons need to fix the tear quickly and replace the damaged part with a synthetic tube. Our team is ready around the clock to perform these urgent surgeries.

In simple terms, we have different ways to fix the aorta, from traditional surgeries to less invasive options, depending on the situation. Our goal is to keep things safe and effective for each patient.

Patient Success Stories

At Gertrude’s Children’s Hospital, we are committed to providing the best possible care for children with Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections. Here’s why families trust us:

“When I was diagnosed with a large abdominal aortic aneurysm, I was scared. But the team at Gertrude's Children's Hospital performed a successful EVAR procedure, and I was back home in just a few days. I'm so grateful for their expertise and care.”

DavidAAA patient

Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections

An aortic aneurysm is a bulge or weakness in the wall of the aorta, while an aortic dissection is a tear in the inner layer of the aorta that allows blood to flow between the layers.

Like any surgery, aortic surgery carries risks, including infection, bleeding, and adverse reactions to anesthesia. Our surgical team takes every precaution to minimize these risks and ensure a safe and successful procedure.

While some causes of aortic aneurysms and dissections can't be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and managing medical conditions like high blood pressure and atherosclerosis can help reduce the risk.

Contact Us

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with an aortic aneurysm or dissection, trust the experts at Gertrude’s Children’s Hospital. Contact our vascular and cardiothoracic team today to schedule a consultation.

Contact us today to learn more about our Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections treatment options.

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